Improvement in machines for making bolts and rivets



, UNITED `STATES JAMES HowDEN, or GLASGOW, SCOTLAND, Assienon To WILLIAM AND PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN GALLOWAY, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR MAKING BOLTS AND RIVETS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 42,731, dated May l0, 1864.

To all wle/0m, it may concern:

' Be it known that I, JAMES HowDEN, of Glasgow, in the county of Lanark, in the Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented Improved Apparatus or Machinery for Cutting, Shaping, Punching, and Compressing Metals; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the said invention, reference beingV had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letti-rs ot'v reference marked thereon'.V 'I v My invention consists in improved apparatus or machinery for cutting, shaping, punching, and compressing comparatively small pieces of metal, and more particularly for manufacturing the same into bolts or rivets, in which two ory more revolving die-tables, carrying the pieces of metal to be acted upon, are so arranged, in combination with arocking lever, or its equivalent, carrying a number of heading-rams or other tools corresponding with the number of die-tables, that, as the die-tables are made to revolve with a step-by step motion, thereby bringing a fresh piece of metal to be acted upon beneath each respective heading-ram or other tool, the rocking lever or its equivalent, is at the same time moved in such a corresponding manner that the heading-rams or other tools attached to the same effect the required operation upon the respective die-tables every time that such die-tables have been moved one step and have brought afresh piece of metal beneath the same.

Levers and rods, or their equivalents, actuated bythe rocking lever carrying the headin g-rams or other tools, are so arranged as to remove the pieces of metal from the dies in dietable after theyhave been operated upon by the heading-rams or other tools and cutters, actuated by the same shaft that imparts motion to the rocking lever, or its equivalent, are pro-V vided for cutting oft' the lengths of metal to be acted upon.

Figures l and 2 on. Sheet I of the accompanying drawings show an arrangement of my improved machine or apparatus adapted for making rivets. Fig. l shows an elevation of the same, partly in section, and Fig. 2 shows a plan of the same, partly in section.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both the gures.

w iw I In this arrangement thc dies A are carried by two circular tables, B, each ot' which is fixed on a vertical spindle, C, and rests upon a stool, D, formed with a circular /\railf1tting a groove formed in the lunder side of the table B. rThe stools D are bolted between the op; posite ends of two massive side frame-pieces,

E, the central portions of which rise up to receive the bearings of a short horizontal shaft, F, carrying the T-lever T. This T-levcr is held down by eyed bolts G, strung on the shaft F and secured to two wooden beams, H, inserted beneath lugs cast on the inside of 'the frame-pieces E. The strain ot' the headingrams comes upon these wooden beams H, and by using them a slight elasticity is imparted. The lower end of the T-lever is forked to receive the sliding brasscs of a crank-pin, I, and the crankshaft J, of which this pin forms part, revolves in bearings inthe frame pieces E. This crank -shaft J, the rotation of which causes the T-lever to vibrate, is itself driven by a pinion and spur-wheel from the first motion shaft K, (shown in the plan,`Fig. 2,) and turning in bearings at one end in one of the frame-pieces E and at the other end in a pedestal, L.

In addition to the fast and loose drivingpulleys M and pinion for driving the crankshaft J, the shaft K carries a ywheel, N, and an eccentric, 0, this last serving to Work a pair of levers, P-one at each side of the machinemounted on a studin the frame-piece E, and carrying at its free end a cutter which,in combination with a fixed cutter carried by a bracket, Q, cuts oft' the proper lengths of rod for forming rivets.

The rods are introduced by an attendant between the cutters up to a screw-stop, R, which determines the length to be cut off. The horizontal arms of the T-lever are each connected by short side links to a vertical heading-ram, S, working in guides formed in a transverse frame piece, U, also serving to bind the framing together, and the two rams S are actuated alternately. Each die-table B is shifted round between each stroke of the respective heading-ram, to bring a fresh blank under it, by means of a ratchet-Wheel, V, fixed upon its spindle (l, and acted upon by a pawllever, W. This pawl-lever W is connected by a link, a, to the lower end of a vertical` lever, X, which is attached at its upper end to a xed fulcrum-stud, b, secured to the framepiecc E, and is connected with and operated by an eccentric, d, on the crank-shaft J. The T-lever is also on each side connected by a link to a bell-crank lever, Y, mounted on a stud in the frame-piece E, the other end of this lever Y being so situated as, at the proper periods, to push out of the dies A the newlyformed rivets, which is done by means of vertical spindles Z, one ot' which passes through the bottom of each die A and rests by a collar in the bottom flange of the table B. The spindles Z are each in two pieces, the upper part being capable of being changed to suit different lengths ot'rivet-s; or washers may be inserted beneath the collar of the lower part for the same purpose.

A contrivance (not shown in the drawings) may be added to the machine to lock each dietable exactly in the proper position whenever the heading-stroke is about to be made. This contrivance consists of a bolt which enters a notch or recess in the die-table, and the point of the bolt or the sides of the notches or recesses are beveled, so that if the table is not exactly in position the point of the bolt will, on en tering, force it round as much as may be required.

i Although I have described my improved apparatus or machinery as applied to the manufacture of rivets only, yet it will be evident that by substituting different dies and tools for those described and shown this apparatus may be applied for any other process requiring the cutting, shaping, punching,l and com pressing of metals.

Having thus particularly described my said invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into eft'ect,Ihave to state that I do not restrict myself to the precise details hereinbefore described or delineated, andthat I do not claim to have invented every separate detail hereinbefore described and delineated but that What I believe to be novel and original, and claim as the invention secured to me by the hereinbefore, in part, recited Letters Patent, 1s-

1. 'Ihe combination of two or more revolving die-tables having a vertical axis with a single lever for actuating the heading-rams, when the parts are constructed and arranged as and for the purposes herein specified.

2. In combination with the aforesaid dietables, heading-rams, and lever, the bell-crank levers Y, operated in the manner and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of the oscillating cuttinglevers P, eccentric O, and shaftl K, when constructed and operated asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of.

two subscribing witnesses, this 30th day'of October, 1863.

. JAMES HOWDEN. Witnesses:

JOHN M. ROBERTSON,

0f the city of Glasgow, Solicitor. GEORGE ROBERTSON,

Ofhe city of Glasgow, Clerk. 

